Transpac Resin Birch Santa Figurine, Set of 3, Assortment

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The holiday was shunned in New England, and elsewhere it had become a bit like the pagan Saturnalia that once occupied its place on the calendar. Wilkinson put a human face on Santa's original namesake—one with a badly broken nose, possibly suffered during the persecution of Christians under the Roman Emperor Diocletian. The Saint Nicholas festival we are describing incorporates cultural elements widely distributed in Europe, in some cases going back to pre-Christian times.

video games ( CarnEvil, a 1998 arcade game, [41] The Binding of Isaac: Rebirth, a 2014 video game [42]), and film ( Krampus, a 2015 Christmas comedy horror movie from Universal Pictures [43]).Nicholas was the unchallenged bringer of gifts and the toast of celebrations centered around his day, December 6. Once firmly established, North America's Santa then underwent a kind of reverse migration to Europe, replacing the scary gift bringers and adopting local names like Père Noël (France) or Father Christmas (Great Britain). Nicholas," also known as "The Night Before Christmas," for his six children, with no intention of adding to the fledgling Santa Claus phenomenon. On the preceding evening of 5 December, Krampus Night or Krampusnacht, the wicked hairy devil appears on the streets.

Everywhere they went after World War II, the Soviets tried to replace the native gift bringers in places like Poland or Bulgaria," Bowler explained. Masked devils acting boisterously and making nuisances of themselves are known in Germany since at least the sixteenth century while animal masked devils combining dreadful-comic ( schauriglustig) antics appeared in medieval church plays. Sometimes introduced with Gruß vom Krampus (Greetings from Krampus), the cards usually have humorous rhymes and poems.In many parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, Krampus is described as a devil wearing a cloth sack around his waist and chains around his neck, ankles, and wrists. What he's done is pretty much tame these Grimm's Fairy Tales-type characters from the late medieval days," Bowler said. Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast, and Italy, 1500–1800.